i-polyurethane ye-thermoplastic

I-Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) yi-thermoplastic elastomer esebenza kakhulu eneempawu ezimbini ezikhethekileyo zokuqina kwerabha kunye nokuqhubekeka kweplastiki. Yaqalwa ukuphuhliswa ngo-1937, i-TPU ibe yenye yezona zinto ze-polymer ezikhula ngokukhawuleza nezinokuguquguquka kwiinkalo zoshishino zanamhlanje. Ngokungafaniyo ne-thermoset polyurethane eqhelekileyo engenakuphinda ibunjwe emva kokunyangwa, i-TPU ine-thermal plasticity eguqukayo: iyathamba kwaye ibunjwe xa ifudunyezwa, kwaye iqine ibe yimeko eqinileyo xa ipholile, ivumela ukucutshungulwa okuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokurisayikilisha ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kakhulu ziimpawu zesakhiwo kunye nezoomatshini. Ngokwekhemikhali, i-TPU yi-block copolymer edibeneyo eyenziwe nge-polyaddition reaction ye-diisocyanates, ii-polyols ezineentambo ezinde (i-polyester okanye i-polyester), kunye nee-extenders ze-molecule ezincinci. Ulwakhiwo lwayo lwe-molecular luqulathe ii-hard segments ezitshintshanayo kunye nee-soft segments, ezinika i-TPU iingenelo zokusebenza ezibanzi nezihlengahlengiswayo eziyahlula kwezinye ii-elastomers.

Ukusebenza okungaqhelekanga kwe-TPU kuvela kwisakhiwo sayo sokwahlulwa kwe-microphase esenziwe ziinxalenye eziqinileyo nezithambileyo. Iinxalenye eziqinileyo, ezakhiwe ngamaqela e-urethane, zenza iindawo zokudibanisa ezibonakalayo ngokusebenzisa i-intermolecular hydrogen bonding, zinika i-TPU amandla aphezulu okutsalwa, ubulukhuni, ukumelana nokuguguleka kunye nokumelana nobushushu. Iinxalenye ezithambileyo, ezenziwe kakhulu ngee-polyether okanye ii-polyester ezinde, zinika izinto ukuguquguquka okugqwesileyo, ukuthamba, ukumelana nobushushu obuphantsi kunye nokuqina. Umlinganiselo weenxalenye eziqinileyo nezithambileyo unokulungiswa ngokuguquguqukayo ngexesha lokuveliswa, okuvumela abavelisi ukuba benze ngokwezifiso iimveliso ze-TPU ngobunzima obahlukeneyo, ukuthamba kunye neempawu zoomatshini ukuze zivumelane neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zoshishino. Ngokusekelwe kwiintlobo zeenxalenye ezithambileyo, i-TPU yorhwebo yahlulwe ngokubanzi kwi-polyester TPU, i-polyether TPU kunye ne-TPU exutyiweyo, nganye ineemeko zokusetyenziswa ezijolise kuzo.

Ukuqina Okugqwesileyo kunye neempawu zoomatshini: I-TPU ibonakalisa ukuqina okuphezulu, amandla abalaseleyo okutsalwa nokukrazulwa, kunye nokumelana okunamandla koxinzelelo. Iyakwazi ukumelana nokugoba nokululwa okuphindaphindiweyo ngaphandle kokuguquka okusisigxina, ingcono kakhulu kunezixhobo zerabha nezeplastiki eziqhelekileyo. – Ukumelana nokuGqoka Okugqwesileyo kunye nokuKrwela: Ngenye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo zokumelana nokuguguleka phakathi kwee-elastomers eziqhelekileyo, i-TPU isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezinganyangekiyo ezifuna inkonzo yexesha elide. – Uzinzo olukhulu lweeKhemikhali: Ibonisa ukumelana okunamandla kwioyile, amanzi, i-asidi encitshisiweyo, i-alkali encitshisiweyo kunye nezinye izinyibilikisi zendalo, igcina ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwiindawo ezintsonkothileyo zeekhemikhali. – Ukulungelelaniswa okugqwesileyo kwendalo: I-Polyether TPU inokumelana okubalaseleyo kwe-hydrolysis kunye nokuqina kobushushu obuphantsi, ngelixa i-polyester TPU inokumelana okungcono kweoyile kunye nokuzinza koomatshini. Zonke izixhobo ze-TPU zinokumelana okuhle kwemozulu, zimelana nokwaluphala okubangelwa yimisebe ye-ultraviolet kunye notshintsho lobushushu. – Ukulungelelaniswa okufanelekileyo kunye nokuPhinda kusetyenziswe: Ixhasa ubuchwepheshe bendabuko bokucubungula i-thermoplastic kubandakanya ukubumba ngenaliti, ukukhupha, ukubumba ngokuvuthuza kunye nokuguqula ikhalenda. Izinto ze-TPU zenkunkuma zinokunyibilikiswa kwaye ziphinde zicutshungulwe, zivumelane neengcamango zemveliso eziluhlaza nezizinzileyo.

I-Polyester TPU: Iphawulwa ngamandla aphezulu oomatshini, ukumelana kakuhle neoyile, ukumelana nokuguguleka kunye nokumelana nokuguga. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zoshishino, izixhobo zezihlangu, iindawo zokuvala kunye neemveliso eziqinileyo ze-elastic. – I-Polyether TPU: Inokuxhathisa kakuhle i-hydrolysis, ukuguquguquka kobushushu obuphantsi, iipropati zokumelana neentsholongwane kunye nokungunda, kunye noxinano oluphantsi. Ifanelekile kwizixhobo zokusingqongileyo kwamanzi, izixhobo zonyango, iipayipi eziguquguqukayo kunye neemveliso zangaphandle. – I-TPU Ekhethekileyo Esebenzayo: Kubandakanya i-TPU ethintela ilangatye, i-TPU eqhubayo, i-TPU emelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye ne-TPU esekwe kwi-bio. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-TPU esekwe kwi-bio eyenziwe ngezinto eziluhlaza ezihlaziyekayo iye yaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza, yaba yindlela ezinzileyo ye-TPU yendabuko esekwe kwi-fossil.

Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okunokulungiselelwa kunye neenzuzo ezibanzi, i-TPU ifikelele kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Kwishishini leempahla zabathengi, isetyenziswa kwizihlangu zemidlalo, kwiikheyiji zokukhusela, kwiibhanti ze-elastic nakwiimpahla zemidlalo. Kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso, isebenza njengeebhanti zokuhambisa ezingagugiyo, iipayipi ze-hydraulic, ii-gaskets zokuvala kunye neendawo zokudambisa oomatshini. Kwishishini leemoto, i-TPU isetyenziswa kwiindawo zangaphakathi zeemoto, kwiindawo ezingangeni manzi nezithintela ukutshaqeka, kunye neengubo zokukhusela zangaphandle. Ukongeza, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zonyango, izixhobo ze-elektroniki, izixhobo zeenqwelo moya kunye namashishini amatsha amandla.

Ngokuphucula imigaqo-nkqubo yokukhusela okusingqongileyo okuluhlaza kunye nokuphuculwa kwemizi-mveliso, imboni ye-TPU isiya phambili ekusebenzeni okuphezulu, ukusebenza kunye nokuzinza. Uphando kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-TPU esekwe kwi-bio, i-TPU ebolayo kunye netekhnoloji yokuvelisa i-carbon ephantsi ziye zaba ziindlela eziphambili. Okwangoku, i-TPU eguqulweyo enokuthintela ilangatye okuphezulu, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokuqina kobushushu obuphantsi kakhulu iyaqhubeka nokuphuhliswa ukuze ihlangabezane neemfuno ezingqongqo zamacandelo okuvelisa aphezulu njengezithuthi zamandla ezintsha kunye neenqwelo-moya.